Nature Or Nurture Has A Greater Effect On The Development...

It has been a very heated debate as to whether nature or nurture has a greater effect on the development of children. I believe that a nurturing environment has a stronger influence on a child’s personality than the role of nature. This class has provided me with more support and in agreement with my claim and it has given me a new perspective as to which parenting class I will use when I have my own family. Nature is the individual’s inheritance while nurture is an individual s experiences within the environment around oneself. Nature and nurture both help influence behaviors and personalities. With that being said, I believe that temperaments, behaviors, and personalities are mostly developed by nurture instead of nature. I personally feel like genetics are more physical and less psychological. Aggression, anxiety, and many other emotional traits can be affected on how an individual acts, but I think that nurture overrides that and teaches them how to deal with those traits, which would result to behavior. I strongly feel that my personality was more influenced by nurture rather than nature because I think people act by previous experiences and emotions rather just naturally knowing what to do and how to act. I can relate this topic to myself and dance. I have to be at practice in order to know the moves and techniques of the dance. I can’t just show up at state, go on th e floor, and expect to know the routine and what to do since my mother was a dancer too. I personallyShow MoreRelatedNature Vs. Nurture Debate1366 Words   |  6 PagesAssessment Task 1 Nature-Nurture Debate Scientists and biologist have argued the Nature versus Nurture debate for decades. This debate argues the degree to which our genetics or environment, affects our behaviour and developmental stages. Nature is described as the genetic material that makes up an individual. Nurture can be described as the way in which the environment and experiences of an individual influence their behavior and development. The debate has centered on which is a greater factor for manyRead MoreNature vs Nurture, a Not Quite a Twin1684 Words   |  7 PagesNature vs Nurture A Not Quite Twin Study Tamara Richardson Seminole State College of Florida Abstract This paper is going to discuss the Nature vs Nurture debate. There will be history of the debate, where it is presently and where it may go in the future. We will look at the beginning of the debate, the battle that started with Descartes and was pushed further by BF Skinner, Bandura and Piaget. We will further look at Bandura and Piaget and look at Social learning theory verses biology. InterviewsRead MoreNature Versus Nurture Research Essay: Violent Behavior1007 Words   |  4 Pages The nature versus nurture debate is an ongoing debate among social scientists relating to whether ones personality/personal characteristics are the result of his/her inherited genetic traits or the result of environmental factors such as upbringing, social status, financial stability, and more. One of the topics that are discussed among psychologists is the study of violent behavior among people as a whole, and in particular, individuals. Social scientists try to explain why people commit acts ofRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Childhood Obesity1510 Words   |  7 PagesIan Duffy Nature v. Nurture in Childhood Adiposity The nature versus nurture debate is one of the most longstanding arguments in the history of psychology and it aims to determine what has greater influence on personal development; one’s genes and inherited qualities compared to one’s environment. This debate is especially interesting in the study of childhood obesity. Childhood obesity is growing at an alarming rate in most developed countries throughout the world and it cannot be understatedRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : A Debate On Education Since The Late 1600 S1268 Words   |  6 Pagesedu Nature versus Nurture has been a debate in education since the late 1600’s. The debate began with John Locke s perspective of children as â€Å"tabula rasa† meaning blank slate, when he stated that at birth we are all the same, but it is our unique â€Å"experiences that write the script of our behavioral repertoire† (Allen, Boykin, Jagers, n. d.). His theory states that an individual s experience and environment is what makes them who they are. This idea gave us the foundation for our â€Å"nurture† argumentRead MoreThe Effects of Nature and Nurture in Middle Childhood1215 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Effects of Nature and Nurture in Middle Childhood† Middle Childhood is the name given for the age division from 6 to 11 years of a child’s life. They are also known as the â€Å"school years.† During this time a child’s health, education, and emotional well being are all undergoing changes. Though not as drastic as the changes they will soon face in adolescence, they are steady, and the impact that nature and nurture will have on these aspects reach far and wide across the many developmentsRead MoreEssay on Nature Versus Nurture Debate987 Words   |  4 PagesThe nature versus nurture debate is one of the oldest and most controversial issues in Psychology. The nature versus nurture debate revolves around the contributions of genetic factors and environmental factors to human development. The primary method of attempting to determine which of these effects human development the most has been cross-cultural studies. Cross-cultural studies are studies conducted across more than one culture, based on the assump tion that the differences between cultures geneticallyRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : A Debate Within Psychology1344 Words   |  6 Pages1 Kaeezs Mark Lee F. Tonda PSY 100 Nature Vs. Nurture There s a debate within psychology about whether certain aspects of behavior are genetic or learned characteristics. Certain physical characteristics are genetic, like color of eyes, hair type, and skin color. Other things like driving, talking, or tying your shoes are learned. People wonder if personality and mental abilities are genetic or learned. There are good arguments for both the nurture, and nature side of these three issues: intelligenceRead MoreHuman Behavior: Nature vs. Nurture Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pageshave argued the Nature versus Nurture debate for decades. This debate is about the degree to which our environment and heredity, affects our behavior and developmental stages. According to this debate, nature can be described as, the behavior of a person is occurring because of their genetic makeup. Since the behavior of a person is due to their genetic makeup, then, it (nature) should also influence a person’s growth and development for the duration of their life. However, the nurture side of the debateRead MoreThe Influential Difference Between Environment And Heredity1610 Words   |  7 Pagesour personality. What we can come up with this is that our nature and nurture do influences our personality at some point, but the only thing is that which really influences us more, or maybe they influence us the same. We all know that we born to be physically different. We may be born with different eye color, hair color, skin color, weight and height, or facial appearance. They are largely affected by our nature. However, our nurture physically changing us too while we are growing up. For some

Child Observation Report Essay example - 1832 Words

Introduction The location of the observation was at the Community Center (Early Childhood education program) at 11:00am to 12:30pm on April 15, 2014. The meaningful experiences in early childhood education can positively shape childrens development. With a teacher is guidance authentic child-art activity can educate enrich young students learning abilities, encourage positive attitudes toward other children, and more importantly, learn to interact with people around them in the contemporary world. However, art for young students often takes many diversified approaches and emphasizing questionable practices. Observation is a part of meaningful and authentic early childhood art education. Observation enriches children’s experiences in†¦show more content†¦Three were four play houses, and a yellow to truck. There were five girls with curly hair, two boys with hats, were six girls wearing pink dresses. There were two red wagons, purple yellow monkey’s bars and one boy with a c owboy hat. Near the brown stairs, there was one paper plane and two boys fighting. There were instruments around the playground, tambourine, piano, maracas and drums. There were three boys counting how many flowers are around them. There were rock climbing course and little bit of sun light. There were seven pink shoes, stripes shirts and two girls laughing. Inside of the classroom there was a different objective I observed such as three calendars, three tables, a cabinet, 15 pack backs on the shelves and glitter. There were 2 flags, four plants and children sitting and lunch set. There were wood blocks, children pictures, pencil and crayons. There was hand paint, one clock and three rugs. There was three teachers and one with it an apron on. Sub objectives observation An observation was held in the alpert Jewish community center. A variety of children between the ages of three to five were observed in activities ranging from physical and motor to social and cognitive development â€Å"The Gross Motor Function Measure was designed specifically to evaluate change in gross motor function in children with CP (Russellet al1989). It consists of 88 itemsShow MoreRelatedObservation Report For Child Observation1557 Words   |  7 PagesEach child sat down individually with the researcher the day after to read out the words they have learnt. They were shown pages of books and asked if they could identify the words from the text. They were also asked to create a sentence using these words. The Memorization and Mixed Method approach showed that 8 out of 16 children (50%) had a full score in reading the sight words â€Å"see, â€Å"give†, â€Å"have†, â€Å"feel† and â€Å"like†. 5 out of 16 children scored more than 2 but less than 5. The remaining 3 outRead MoreObservation Report On Child Observation1411 Words   |  6 PagesWe observed Joaquin in his home in the living room of his home. His mother, younger brother, and younger sister were all there. They interacted with Joaquin during the observation. There were times that the children interacted with Caitlin and me, but for the most part we just observed them interact with each other. Observation Summary I brought a couple activities for Joaquin and his siblings to do while we observed him. I brought a pumpkin, hammer, and golf tees for them to pound them into theRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesChild Observation Report Lecturer: Dr. Stephanie L. Knight Observer: Afra Mohamed Taha Observant: 3-4 year old boy Topic: Entire Observation Setting: Airport. A family consists of a father, a mother, three daughters and a son. Goal: Observing the boy to see his entire behavior, in addition to his reaction to reinforcement and punishment. Time: 52 minutes Method used: SystematicRead MoreEvaluation Of A Child Observation Report1097 Words   |  5 PagesChild Observation Report On January 4, 2016, I visited my cousin Darius, who is currently a seventeen year old boy and a junior in high school in the city of Dallas, Texas which is where I am from. I asked him and his mother a series of questions pertaining to him and his adolescent development. Let’s take the journey into Darius’ teenage development. Between the ages of twelve and sixteen most adolescents experience significant physical changes related to puberty. This also happened to be trueRead More Child Observation Report Essay6698 Words   |  27 Pages Detailed report of five observations. The names used in this Observation Report are fictitious. This is absolutely necessary to protect the privacy of the children being observed. Observation #1: Ron and aggression Date and time: Wednesday April 16, 2014; 11:25-12:50 Setting: Playground for 1st/2nd grade recess 11:25-11:50, 3rd/4th gradeRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagesnoticed one child was sitting at the table having a conversation with a stuffed beaver. The two twin girls I was baby-sitting had a giant stuffed bee, and I would chase after them with it and sting them. This shows what the book calls animistic thinking. According to the book, this kind of thinking is the belief that inanimate objects are alive. Another form of animistic thinking would be when my mother told a story about a leprechaun. When my mother asked where leprechauns lived, one child repliedRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pages Child development is an amazing thing to watch in the way that children interact with one another and how they perceive the world that surrounds. While doing our research of child development we began to observe a group of kids ranging the ages 1 – 12. During these observations we noticed traits such as attachment, comfort, and love. Through the following examples we will proceed to observe development in our environment and explain its relativity to the text Observation #1 I observed a set ofRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesthe morning with the students there. In the time I spent there, the children, ages 3 to 5, engaged in unstructured play, and sat in a circle for calendar time and reading aloud. The preschool is primarily child-centered in terms of its organization, meaning it incorporates a lot of child directed activity, and less structured, or adult directed, learning (Berk, 2008). I watched the group of about twenty children with the intention of studying them as a whole, but I found myself compelled to watchRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay2202 Words   |  9 Pagesusually understand her clearly. Natalie will sometimes listen to Paul or Rachel talking and then repeat the things they have said later. She also does this with short stories. Emotional Development: Natalie is generally a happy child she can be very shy with strangers. She does not really cry unless she’s tiered and doesn’t get her own way, if she hurts her self badly and sees blood she will cry and will not let you see it. If she does hurt her self not to badly weRead MoreSocial Work Child Observation Report1545 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess of negotiating an agreement to carry out a child observation in a school. It will explain my role as a social work student in the process of negotiating observation agreement with the school. Some of the issues considered in my negotiation were confidentiality, ethical issues and values, consent, communication, legal issues, professionalism, skill, voluntary participation of participant, contingency plan and limitations. The name of the child observed in this work will not be included for data

Tesla Motors News - Photos and Videos Business Description

Question: Discuss about the Tesla Motors News, Photos and Videos for Business Description? Answer: Introduction: In this assignment the business description of the chosen product will be given. The assignment has two sections regarding the business operations of Tesla motors. In the first section of the assignment, the background details of Tesla motors and the product i.e., the electric cars will be discussed. After that, the development strategy of the electric cars will be discussed followed by the 4Ps of marketing. After the descriptions of the business and the chosen product of the company, the offshore manufacturing process of the company will be analyzed in the second section of the company. In this section, the impact of the governmental rules and regulations and the economic environment of the country will be analyzed for understanding the overall environment of the business of the company with the chosen product (ABC News, 2016). Background of the company: Tesla Motors is one of the most famous automobile industries in the global market. They have launched various types of cars in the global market. Electric cars are the most famous products of the company they are developing new models of the electric rechargeable cars for the customers. The cars are ready to be used by simply charging the battery of the cars. These are able to minimize the environmental harm due to the vehicles that are used by other fuels. They have selected as the best plug and play car suppliers in the year of 2015 (Tesla Motors, 2014). Description of the business: The electric cars of the company are run by the batteries which are able to be charged by just plug in the cars. They have different models for the electronic cars such as model 3, model X and model S. Model S is the latest version of the electric car manufactured by the company. At present, the environmental development is a serious issue for the companies which are working in the car manufacturing industry. The RD activities of the company have their focus in the development of pollution free cars. The electric cars of the company are pollution free and the rechargeable facility is ability of providing economic handling of the cars (Tesla Motors, 2014). 4Ps of marketing: Product: The product is the electric cars which are able to be operated with the rechargeable batteries in a pollution free way. The latest versions of the electric cars have the autopilot facility. The cars have inbuilt front cameras, sensors and radars through which the cars are able to run automatically. The latest technological use is the best feature of the electric cars of this company. They are conducting their business through the uniqueness of their products i.e., the electric cars (Tesla Motors, 2014). Price: The Company is mainly targeting the high-end customers of US. Hence, they can set the price of electric cars higher. However, the company is trying to reduce the price of electric cars so that middle end customers can also get access to their products. Place: As most of the peoples of US are high end, customers it is profitable for the company Tesla to conduct business in various cities of US. The company is conducting their business within the area of US. The company is doing business in cities like New York, Washington, Chicago. In future, the company has the plan to expand its business in various European and Asian countries. Promotion: They are using the online platform for promoting the products of the company. They have their display showrooms in the areas where they do not sale the electric cars for developing the awareness about the electric cars of the company in the areas. The company takes part in various campaign activities to promote their electric cars. They also take part in various racings like Formula 1. It increases the popularity of electric car globally. Product development strategy: Manufacturing team of Tesla Motors is using aluminum to reduce the overall weight of the vehicle. Extra weight is always critical and unnecessary for any type of car. For electric vehicles, it is even more critical as it will offset the extra weight of large battery packs. A large coil made of aluminum and 20,000 pound is unfurled and sized into rectangular shapes with a blanking machine. Then those parts are formed into 3D shapes using a hydraulic press and huge dies. After this process, the parts are assembled in the next section of the manufacturing factory (Forbes.com, 2016). Tesla teams are now trying to improve the functions of their cars and are trying to manufacture a new generation electric vehicle with unique options. It is assumed that the next model of Tesla Motors will include a auto pilot option and automatic radar function. Batteries are the most important parts of Tesla vehicles. The cell capacity of batteries are about 85% of rated capacity. A 90kWh battery is locate d inside Tesla cars which is manufactured by Panasonic includes 3.4 Ah 18650 cells (Tesla Motors, 2016). Detailed construction outline of Tesla motors is quite difficult to get as the bond between Tesla Motors and Panasonic is a confidential one. Both of the companies have never released any information related to their constructional procedures. All the cars of this company are produced in Northern California, Fremont factory with all the required manufacturing operations. Manufacturing procedure is extremely innovated and automated, multi-function robots are used for these operations which are able to produce almost 83 cars per day and easily reprogrammed for using in the productions of different car models (Forbes.com, 2016). Offshore manufacturing of the product: At present, the company is operating their main manufacturing unit in California. They are also expanding their business in the global market by developing offshore production units. They have developed their service center units and showrooms in Canada, Europe, Asia and Australia. Impact of economics and government on the business: Economic factors incorporate economic development in the alternative energy industries and raise in the price of using the cars mainly because of the increase in the fuel prices over a short time period. The demandofmore-efficientcarsisalso increase like never before. Recovery of GDP and increase rate in the developed countries from the recessionaryperiodinbetween 2008 to 2009hasa majorimpactuponthecustomerpurchase intention (BBC News, 2014). Tesla Motors needs for managing unmistakable political factors affecting the business operations. One of the important political factors influencing the business is the Ecological Assurance Laws for actuating generation of more natural autos to meet strict emanation levels. The second essential fact is the US government advance projects for innovative work of new advanced cars (Environmental-protection.org.uk, 2014). Impact of the laws on the business operations: Laws and regulations regarding the green developments includes importance of advance projects and influencing the development of environment friendly cars. Tax assessment to consolidate the new strategies for green business, increased carbon tax and some other green arrangements are affecting the business of the company. Another important is establishment laws in US that make sure that the car merchants including Tesla to test the carbon emission of their cars. Various components that may influence the development of the electronic cars are affecting the purchase decisions of the customers also (Energy.gov, 2014). Value Creation in the global market through the business operations: Business model is Tesla Motors is considered as the most unique business model of all times. Being a comparatively new vehicle manufacturing company other organizations do not expect that Tesla would go this far (Hanley, 2016). Their business model and strategies has helped them to compete with companies like Mercedes, Lamborghini, Porsche and BMW. However, their business is very simple which includes, No dealers of Tesla vehicles There are no commissioned sales people Tesla authority mostly focus to market their cars when other companies try to sell their carss aggressively Transactions with Tesla are done via online There is no negotiation in price Tesla authority does not have any warehouses for their cars. The manufacturing starts to build a car only after a customer places a order for that. Test-driving Tesla vehicles is not free. Consumers will have to pay $5000 for a test drive (Tesla Motors, 2016) In most of the places, unless a customer buys a Tesla car, he cannot not even see the vehicle These factors have helped the company to increase their market value in several countries in the world. Those business models of Tesla have helped the company to build their cars in such a way that it can compete with other existing vehicles in the market (Forbes Welcome, 2016). In spite being an electric vehicle, Tesla cars are as fast as Porsche and gets the equivalent of 100 miles per gallon. Besides, it is the only sports car with a seating capability of seven people (Tesla Motors, 2014). Tesla handles their products personally. Tesla optimized its sales model and decided that they will sale their cars only online. However, people who want to see the Tesla cards can go to the kiosks made by the Tesla authority in several shopping malls. Some states like Michigan, New Jersey and Massachusetts do not allow Tesla to sell cars in their locality. Therefore, the company has established Tesla galleries in those states so that people can visit those galleries in order to gain knowledge o n Tesla vehicles (Edelstein Voelcker, 2016). Conclusion: Unique manufacturing idea of using electrical technology for building a car has helped the company to turn the weakness of the industry into the strengths of the company. Diesel cars are known for getting dirty, becoming complex, unreliable and difficult maintain because of the function of diesel in it. However, as Tesla vehicles do not use diesels, there is no way that those problems will occur in their vehicles. Another business strategy of Tesla motors that has increased their brand value enormously is their decision not to develop a traditional car provider network. References: ABC News,. (2016). Tesla Motors News, Photos and Videos - ABC News. ABC News. Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://abcnews.go.com/topics/business/automotive/tesla-motors.htm BBC News, (2014).Petrol price reaches record high. Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-17490088 Edelstein, S., Voelcker, J. (2016). Green Car Reports. Green Car Reports. Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://www.greencarreports.com/news/tesla Energy.gov, (2014).Loan ProgramsOffice | Department of Energy. 2016, Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://energy.gov/lpo/loan-programs-office. Environmental-protection.org.uk, (2014). Car Pollution |Environmental Protection UK.Retrieved15 March 2016 from https://www.environmental-protection.org.uk/committees/air-quality/air-pollution-and-transport/car-pollution/ [Accessed 8 April. 2014]. Forbes.com, (2016). Forbes Welcome. Forbes.com. Retrieved 18 March 2016, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2015/09/01/teslas-business-model-highlights-what-the-shift-to-electric-means-for-the-auto-industry/#5d0a27b15029 Hanley, S. (2016). TESLARATI.com - Tesla Lifestyle News, Aftermarket Product Reviews,Rumors.TESLARATI.com. Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://www.teslarati.com/ Tesla Motors, (2016).About Tesla | Tesla Motors. Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://www.teslamotors.com/about Tesla Motors, Inc., (2014). Form 10-K Annual Report. Palo Alto, California. Retrieved15 March 2016, from https://ir.teslamotors.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=1193125-14-69681CIK=1318605

Sleep Deprivation General Purpose Essay Example

Sleep Deprivation General Purpose Essay Formal Informative Outline Sleeping Deprivation General Purpose: To inform. Specific purpose: Sleep is a precious gift that allows people to rest. Not getting enough rest on a constant basis can lead to greater problems, even death Organizational Pattern: Introduction I. Blame It On the Light Bulb. College students and individuals around the world are suffering from a health problem that can be more detrimental to their health than some forms of cancer. What is it? Sleep Deprivation II. People are losing sleep daily, in such a fashion that most have trouble staying awake during work, driving, or even in class. III. I have learned a lot about sleeping disorders during the past three years being in college, and I did additional research for this speech. We will write a custom essay sample on Sleep Deprivation General Purpose specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sleep Deprivation General Purpose specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sleep Deprivation General Purpose specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer IV. Sleep deprivation is a serious medical situation that can harm your everyday life. Sleep disorders are a highly common medical issue that affects millions of Americans each year. Without adequate rest, the brains ability to function quickly deteriorates. Today I’m going to explain what sleep deprivation is, causes for the problem, how to remedy the problem, and how to test yourself to see if you suffer from sleep deprivation. Transition: let’s start with the nature of sleeping disorders. I will start with the definition of what a sleeping deprivation is) Body I. What is Sleep Deprivation? A. Sleep Deprivation (CancerWEB’s  Online Medical Dictionary) – the condition of being deprived of sleep either under experiment or under real life conditions, as distinguished from being unable to sleep. Sleep Deprivation can even effect acne development, and cause bad hair days. B. The Cold was thought to be one of the greatest inflictions among Americans, when it is actually drowsiness. (Stedman, â€Å"Tired of being, Tired†) a. 0 percent of American adults admit that their work suffers when they are sleepy. b. Even more so, College students suffer more than anyone with odd hours and periodic naps during the day. (Transition) Summary (In essence, Sleep deprivation is the simple lack of the required amount of sleep in order to function fully the following day. )(This lack has to be caused by something, but what? ) II. What aids in the accumulation of Sleep debt (Sleep Deprivation). (Good Housekeeping) A. Sleep Life is a factor 1. Disrupting associations with the bed and bedroom, diet troubles, and mental state all effect the ability to sleep a. Regular activities in the same room as you sleep in can disrupt and disturb sleeping patters such as working in the room, watching television, even sex. b. Remedies:  Ã‚  Before bed take a hot bath (temperature change causes drowsiness), eat light dinners and have snacks at least every three hours for maximum energy and minimum fatigue, Drink plenty of H20. Mental state is another factor, extreme boredom, and extreme stress can both prevent sleep as well as promote it. B. Natural Remedies  (Starbuck) 1. Chamomile-Provides soothing comfort from the aromatic smell, allows peace before falling asleep. When ingested in a caplet form it is a type of painkiller as well as sleep-inducers. 2. Hops-Yes, what they use to make beer. A mild sedative is used to treat insomnia in its herbal form. Like beer, it can have slight depression inducing effects. (Transition) Summary: (Sleep deprivation is obviously a complicated thing, with an even more complicated solution. ) (Transition)(How can you tell if you have sleep deprivation or a sleep  debt. ) III. If you are not getting enough sleep, it can lead to health problems. A. A Simple test can evaluate sleep  deprivation  (Test passed out, evaluate yourself afterwards. B. Health Problems resulting from sleep deprivation include 1. Decreased Immune System activity 2. Development of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 3. May be the start or result of a sleep disorder: i. Sleep Apnea-(Snoring and stopping of breathing during sleep) ii. Insomnia 4. Could be a sign of depression. C. Sleep Deprivation is one of the main causes for deaths of those who fall asleep at the wheel of a moving vehicle as well as those who slowly drift to sleep during a lecture in class. (Transition) (Sleep Deprivation is a compound entity with ties to many other forms of problems with one’s health. Conclusion I. Sleep Deprivation is condition that effects how well someone functions during the day, and can be caused by numerous ways. A self-test was administered so that everyone can evaluate how well one is sleeping, if you are having difficulty sleeping, evaluate your patterns to find a solution. II. (Last thought)  if you find yourself falling asleep during class, at the wheel, or unable to concentrate during the day, try to get more sleep; it just might save your life. Bibliography Books (Find 2 Book References) Articles Fahey, Valerie. How Sleep Deprived Are You? †Ã‚  Ã‚  Health. September 93, Vol. 7. Newman, Judith. â€Å"Yes,  It’s  Sleep. †Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Health. March 2000. Vol  14 Issue 2. p 112. Starbuck, J. Jamison. â€Å"And, Now I Lay Me Down To Sleep. †Ã‚  Ã‚  Better Nutrition. Oct 98. Vol  60 Issue 10. p 52. Stedman, Nancy. â€Å"Tired of Being Tired? †Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Housekeeping. Aug 2000. Vol  231 Issue 2. p 74. Internet Sources (Find 1 more Internet Source) On-line Medical Dictionary. Academic Medical Publishing ; CancerWEB. â€Å"Sleep Deprevtation† 23 Sep. 2012. ;AHREF=http://www. graylab. ac. uk/omd/index. html;. 1997-98.

Unlock your minds hidden potential with this trick

Unlock your minds hidden potential with this trick Who among us doesn’t want to reach our full potential? Most of us have been told by someone at least once during our lives- possibly a parent or other family member, or maybe a friend or someone else in a position of trust, like a teacher- that we have a great deal of potential for achieving great things in life, and if we could summon the dedication, discipline, and mental fortitude to unlock it and utilize it to its fullest, we’d be successful! Using our mind’s full potential could benefit us in all areas of our lives, from strengthening personal relationships to reaching our professional and career goals and everything in between, so putting in the effort to unlock this hidden potential is a worthwhile investment.According to a blog post on pickthebrain.com, there’s a great deal of evidence that suggests people can unlock significant dormant mental potential and go on to achieve great success: â€Å"Your mind is a vast, largely unexplained source of en ergy and power†¦ many very successful people have believed in these powers and used them to create incredible fortunes and success†¦They exist whether you are willing to admit it and use it to your benefit or not. If you don’t, then you are missing out on getting the very most out of your life.†So†¦ the big question remains: How do you go about unlocking your mind’s hidden potential? Well, a recent Psychology Today article by Dr. Chris Gilbert, MD, PhD may just hold the answer to unlocking what she terms your â€Å"inner genius.†Dr. Gilbert focuses on a curious phenomenon that occurs in individuals who have suffered damage to the left anterior temporal lobe (LATL) in the brain and acquired what’s known as acquired savant syndrome, a disorder in which people spontaneously develop incredible  memories  and genius level abilities. This rare occurrence has been documented in a very small number of individuals (just 32 at the time of t his writing), but their experiences paint a powerful portrait of tapping into one’s latent potential.Take Derek for instance, who’s referred to in the article:Derek was a 39-year-old sales trainer with no musical skill when he dove head first into a very shallow swimming pool while visiting his mom. He suffered a severe head concussion and was taken to the hospital. Four days later, when he was resting at one of his friends’ house, he discovered that he was able to play the piano flawlessly and beautifully even though he couldn’t read music. That day, he played the piano for 6 hours. He is now working as a well-paid musician and composes music.Pretty powerful stuff, right? And Derek is just one example. There are others who, for some reason or another, often through an accident or brain altering illness like a stroke or dementia, acquired new talents after getting acquired savant syndrome. Dr. Gilbert notes, â€Å"Special skills in acquired savants, like the unusual abilities of ‘natural savants’ like autistic children, usually manifest as musical abilities- most often the piano with perfect pitch like Derek- visual memory, arithmetic abilities, painting, drawing, sculpting, and spatial skills where the savant can construct complex accurate models or excel at direction finding and map making.†However, before you go off and assume that you need to damage your brain’s LATL in order to get acquired savant syndrome, don’t get the wrong idea! Dr. Gilbert is not suggesting that anyone hurt themselves or do anything tragic and irreversible to their brains. However, she is saying that we can learn from the experiences of Derek and the others who have been diagnosed with acquired savant syndrome and apply this knowledge to answer the following question: Can healthy people acquire savant-like talents and unlock their â€Å"inner geniuses† by suppressing their LATL in a safer way? Dr. Gilbert argues tha t the LATL in our brains function to actively suppress certain portions of our ability to help us focus on the primary needs for survival, and that it keeps our full abilities and potential in check and dormant.Evidence for this has been shown in laboratory studies in individuals without brain trauma. Dr. Gilbert’s article refers to research performed by Dr. Allan Snyder, a neuroscientist at the University of Sidney, Australia, who demonstrated that there is a way to temporarily â€Å"turn-off† our LATL without any ill effects, so that all of us could exhibit savant-like talents:â€Å"Dr. Snyder artificially fatigued the LATL by stimulating it with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for 15 minutes in healthy subjects.  This technique is the equivalent of tiring out a muscle by vigorously exercising it. After TMS exposure, Snyder’s test subjects showed improved ability to draw objects from memory, to quantify the number of discrete objects in complex visu al scenes, and to accurately proof-read documents- all skills that depend upon memory for small details.†This means that there’s a potential sleeping â€Å"inner genius† inside all of us that’s just waiting to be woken up! But†¦can we emulate these results outside of a lab? It turns out that the answer is yes, we can.Based on Dr. Snyder’s work, Dr. Gilbert suggests that â€Å"anything we do that actively fatigues the LATL in a natural way could allow latent drawing, math, spatial, or musical abilities to surface.† She encourages engaging in activities that allow our brains to hyperfocus on the small, meaningless details of things to loosen the oppressive grip of our LATLs on our brain functioning. Things like transcendental meditation, repetition of a nonsensical mantra, and some forms of hypnosis can simulate the effects needed to temporarily suppress LATL activity, and allow our brains to unlock our hidden potential.The next time youâ €™re eager to unleash your mind’s hidden potential, consider the simple tricks mentioned here. Dr. Gilbert sums it up best: â€Å"So here’s the bottom line: To unleash your hidden talent, either focus exclusively on meaningless details or go overboard thinking about the meaning of things around you. Either way, you will push your LATL into the back seat and put your inner genius in the driver’s seat.†

Useful Phrases to Learn for French Class

Useful Phrases to Learn for French Class If you are a student of French, you should learn typical classroom requests and statements expressed as French words and phrases. The more you use French in context and hear it spoken, the more you will internalize it. After a while, it becomes natural, as though youve always known it. The younger you are, the easier it is to learn another language; the older you get, the more you need to practice. Essential Phrases to Use in  French Class Pay close attention to how you say these words and phrases in French, particularly the vowels, which require you to open your mouth and elongate your lips  much more than in English. If you say a French  o,  for instance, form your lips in the shape of an o; youd be surprised how much this helps achieve a true French sound. Click on the links to hear how the words and phrases are pronounced. To make it easier to learn how to say the word or phrase in French, the meaning is given first in English, followed by the French translation: What?   Comment?I dont know.   Je ne sais pas.I dont understand.   Je ne comprends pas.I have a problem.   Jai un problà ¨me.I have a question.   Jai une question.What page?   Quelle page?I forgot my ___.   Jai oublià © mon/ma ___. May I borrow a ___?   Puis-je emprunter un/une ___ ?May I go to the bathroom?   Puis-je aller aux toilettes?I would like (to) ___.   Je voudrais ___.I need (to) ___.   Jai besoin de ___. Essential  Words to Use in  French  Class Sometimes you only need a single word to make your point clear in class. The examples show you how to say classroom words in French: Yes  Ã‚  ouiNo  Ã‚  non  OK  Ã‚  daccord  Who  Ã‚  quiWhat  Ã‚  quoi  When  Ã‚  quand  Where  Ã‚  oà ¹Why  Ã‚  pourquoiHow  Ã‚  comment Translating Asking how to say words in French class will be easier with the following translations: How do you say ___ in French?   Comment dit-on ___ en franà §ais?What is ___ in French?  Ã‚  ___, cest quoi en franà §ais?What does ___ mean?   Que veut dire ___ ?What is the English translation of this sentence?   Quelle est la traduction de cette phrase? Listening and Understanding Youll know how to ask for help in the classroom after you study the following questions and requests: Repeat,  please.   Rà ©pà ©tez, sil vous plaà ®t.One more time   Encore une foisSlower (Or: More slowly)   Plus lentementHow do you spell it?   Comment est-ce que cela sà ©crit?Can you write it?   Pouvez-vous là ©crire?Whats the difference between ___ and ___?   Quelle est la diffà ©rence entre ___ et ___ ?Is this sentence correct?   Cette phrase est correcte? Resources and Tips In addition to classroom words and phrases, take the time to review  essential French,  greetings, terms of politeness, and additional words for  school and supplies, as well as the most common  French phrases  and  words. If you need more practice to feel comfortable using these expressions, try enlisting a friend or family member to help you: For instance, one of you could say the expression in English, while the other gives the translation in French.

Experience in writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Experience in writing - Essay Example One of my strongest points is that I have a good command of grammatical correctness; I have always practiced this in the course of improving my communication. In any piece of writing, I give much attention to avoiding spelling and typographical errors that may distort my message. The ability to organize my points in an effective way also forms part of my strengths in writing. To that end, I always ensure that my points are well organized and logically supporting my thesis. However, I have weakness in language use especially in the scenario where I have to choose the right word, among many words leading in the same direction. I tend to confuse the difference between these types of words and may end up using the least-fitting one. My experience also features love and hate stories for writing. What I love most is the ability to communicate my mind without necessarily expressing feelings. I have weakness in expressing true feelings and, thus far, this has made writing a better place since it gives me an ample time for constructing my views to best fit the feeling I intend. In which case, my narrative skills have served me best in improving my confidence and love for writing. Despite the love, I have a strong hate for the rules restricting the use of First-persons pronouns. I always feel that such kind of cases restrict me from fully expressing myself within a piece of writing especially in a case where I would like to identify personally with my narration and let the reader have a glimpse of genuineness.

How Internet Shapes Contemporary Social Environment Research Paper

How Internet Shapes Contemporary Social Environment - Research Paper Example A vastly different world exists today due to the spread of Internet use which relies to a great extent on the concept of redundant networks to assure continuous connections in whatever conditions. This paper examines how computers and the Internet have changed the world environment where people increasingly rely on these two products of modern technology to do anything they want. The Internet has altered the way people work, live, transact their business, how they can bank their money, communicate with each other, socialize, research for some information and in many ways previously inconceivable just a few decades ago. One can find knowledge with just a few clicks of the mouse. However, one thing the Internet has changed in a very profound way is how it made the world a much smaller place and various cultures now become homogeneous. Instant communications have allowed people to know more about each other and various cultures around the world. Information travels very fast at the speed of light (or the connections). Language barriers are being brought down because of the Internet; it has also allowed people to learn more about the culture of far-away countries in an instant. World culture is largely defined by the mass media (multi-media such as the television, newspapers, online libraries, the Internet and pop culture such as hip-hop music) and there is now an easier intermingling of various ideas. World culture is now largely defined as instant gratification, people are unwilling to wait longer than necessary when they want something or search for some answers to nagging questions. The Internet is all about building communities (albeit online groups such as Facebook and Twitter).

China Trade from Early 17th Century to Mid 19th Century Essay Example for Free

China Trade from Early 17th Century to Mid 19th Century Essay Around 17th and 18th century, Western countries were extremely eager to reach the profitable Chinese market due to its privileged geological location. Although China had traded their riches with Europe along the Silk Road for centuries, Chinese government were afraid that the sea trade to the south would potentially corrupt their â€Å"imperial kingdom† and further try to conquer the country. From 1700 onwards, the government established a set of rigid restrictions imposing the practice of Co-hong to confine foreign trades and merchants in Canton. However, by late 18 century, the trading system seemed to change. The British commenced the opium trade, which created a steady demand among Chinese addicts and further solved the chronic imbalanced trade. As the Opium War broke out with Britain, China was no longer on the top of the world. The Celestial Empire not only was forced to be subservient to British trading regulations, but also somewhat became a semi-colonial country. The East India Company founded in 1600 that held a monopoly in east India by the British government was rapidly enlarging its global trading influence in China. By sending a company trader to address their concern regarding to the unreasonable restrictions on trade in Canton, the representative James Flint was arrested and imprisoned for being breaking the â€Å"Canton trading law†. This incident showed China’s superior attitude toward Westerners and how they manipulated the trade irrationally in their best interest disregarding the concerns of foreign traders. The growing number of foreign traders in the late eighteenth century strongly threatened the Qing. They feared that the trade with foreign merchants would give the opportunity for Westerners to corrupt China; therefore, a set of laws that was so called â€Å"Canton system† was established. The system restricted all European trades to only one port Canton and foreign merchants were forbidden to abode in the city except trading season. Moreover, the Europeans had to obey the licensed Co-Hong merchants, of who were responsible for controlling the trading behavior in Canton. As a result, these complex and irksome rules created a tension between foreigners and Chinese merchants, British traders especially. In 1792, a British ambassador Lord George Macartney set sail to China hoping to seek the approval of the Qing Emperor to loosen some of the trading restrictions to the British traders. Yet, the letters to the Emperor was unreservedly rejected; the response was fairly disappointing. Emperor Qianlong’s edicts to George III in response to McCartney’s demands on English traders showed his arrogant and condescending attitude toward the British. â€Å"As your Ambassador can see for himself, we possess all things. I set no value on objects strange or ingenious, and have no use for you country’s manufacturers. (105 Cheng and Letz with Spence) Furthermore, in his second edict, he stated, â€Å" But your Ambassador has now put forward new requests which completely fail to recognize the Throne’s principle to â€Å"treat strangers from afar with indulgence† and to exercise a pacifying control over barbarian tribes, the world over. † (106 Cheng and Letz with Spence) He describes foreigners as â€Å"barbarians, which showed how he disrespected all Westerners and measured China as the most superior in the world; other countries would have obey Chinese â€Å"law†. British viewed Qing’s legal code as unreasonable and perceived the Chinese officials as obstinate governance, which further exasperated the existed tension between the two nations. Meanwhile, a network of opium was widely distributed throughout China. In order to pay for the tremendous demand of Chinese tea, silk and porcelain pottery in Europe, Britain and other European nations determined to import the one product which became the factor that corrupted the Imperial Empire: opium. Opium addiction level arose in a short period of time, which affected not only the imperial troop but also the governmental officials. Thus, Emperor Daoguang appointed Commissioner Lin to confiscate opium from English ships and refused to pay indemnity to the British traders. The efforts of the Qing dynasty to coerce the opium restraints resulted in the trading conflict, which had already existed for decades between Britain and China triggered the Opium War in 1840. Lord Palmerston’s dispatch to the Emperor of China was a message to inform the Qing that Great Britain would no longer be submissive. The British government therefore has determined at once to send out a Naval and Military Force to the Coast of China to act in support of these demands, and in order to convince the Imperial Government that the British Government attaches the upmost importance to his matter, and that the affair is one which will not admit of delay. † (125 Cheng and Letz with Spence) The dispatc h simply showed the Britain’s intentions to use force to protect its subjects in China, Canton in particular. After the damaging defeats in the war, the first unequal treaty, Treaty of Nanjing was signed after the War, which awakened China from its fantasy of superiority. In the Treaty, China opened several ports and exposed its markets to Western merchants, which turned the central kingdom into a semi-colonial country. Consequently, the role in the national economy had reversed. China was now forced to obey all the demands in the Treaty of Nanjing signed with the British. China was no longer the â€Å"Celestial Empire†; inversely, it was slowly sliding down from the top of the world.

Dub Revolution :: essays papers

Dub Revolution The Story of Jamaican Dub Reggae and Its Legacy I. DUB REVOLUTION This is dub revolution . . . music to rock the nation. -Lee à ¬Scratchà ® Perry In the modern age of electronic music, the word à ¬dubà ® has become a buzzword for virtually any style of music that utilizes the remixing of prerecorded sound as a mode of artistic expression. The idea of taking apart the various instruments and components that make up a recording and remixing them into something that sounds completely different is a common practice today, being used in various styles of music such as jungle, house, hip-hop, and even metal. It is often overlooked, however, that the dub technique and style originated in Jamaican rocksteady and reggae. The great sound system engineers of Jamaica in the late 1960s and early 1970s pioneered the instrumental remix and were the first to make the style popular. Using only primitive recording and mixing equipment, the mixing engineer took a lead role in defining the sound of the recording, using the mixing board as his instrument. The resulting dub craze that occurred in Jamaica in the mid 1970s further established the m ixing engineer as an artist. For the first time in recorded music, the à ¬soundà ® of a recording become connected not only with the musicians and the producer, but with the mixing engineer as well. Dub became a tradition and a part of the musical culture in Jamaica. The proliferation of instrumental mixes, known as à ¬versions,à ® as well as radically remixed à ¬dubsà ® that resulted opened the doors to a vast new field of musical expression that would eventually be embraced not only by Jamaican music but by popular music all over the world. The story of how all of this happened in Jamaica is a fascinating tale of the unique cultural and socioeconomic setting in which the Jamaican music industry produced some of the most influential music ever recorded. This essay explores the evolution of dub reggae in Jamaica and the contributions of some of its most innovative pioneers, as well as the influence that dub reggae has had in the development of other styles of music. Finally it will analyze the sound of the music itself and how it is created, which will be supplemented by a sampling of some dub recordings. II. DUB EVOLUTION To truly understand the origins of dub reggae, one must first understand the nature of the Jamaican music scene in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and the role of the dancehall in Jamaican music.

Body Shop’s Background

Background of the Body Shop The famous cosmetic shop, Body Shop was founded on 26th March 1976 in Brighton by Anita Roddick with just the simple reason of supporting her husband’s dream to visit more countries on the time. At the beginning, the Body Shop was just a small shop painted with green. Its products were just placed in little recycled bottles while its labels were just handwritten. All of these were to lessen the production cost. As a result, new shops open at the rate of two per month by 1982.The natural, environmentally-minded and intimates cosmetic shop inspired Anita Roddick to open the shop. Therefore, all products of Body Shop such as accessories, body and bath, fragrance and so on are made from natural ingredients targeting at different type of people including children, ladies as well as gentlemen. The purpose of Anita Roddick to open the Body Shop was not for the money, but about the responsibility. She claimed that the shop opened should be about the public good, but not the private good.In 1984, the Body Shop was listed as a public company. At the same time, Anita Roddick started her efforts to encourage and contribute to social and environment problems such as campaign of issues against animal testing in cosmetic and recycling. On the other hand, the Body Shop Trade Not Aid program started in 1987. It was aimed to help sustaining third countries’ people livelihood. Besides, the Body Shop had also organized many charitable activities such as aiding communities close to home and various donations.In 2006, the Body Shop was purchased by Loreal which is not against animal testing. This move had raised a huge disagreement around the supporter of the Body Shop. However, the company clarified that it is operated independently within the Loreal Group. As a result, with the faiths in protecting the environment and caring for people, the Body Shop had been running successfully and expanded amazingly with a high growth rate from a local shop to the well-known international toiletries retailers group with 2400 stores in 61 countries today.

Ethics of hunting Essay

Is hunting ethical? As a hunter myself, growing up in a family of hunters, I never answered the question correctly. When asked the question â€Å"is hunting ethical? † I would rattle off information and statistics about wildlife population control and the environmental information gathered by hunters, but I seemed to be missing the point completely. As it was recently pointed out, it was like I was being asked what time it was, and answering the date. I wasn’t incorrect; rather, I was just answering the wrong question. Instead, I needed to look at what the actual question was; is the act of hunting ethical, and if not, what are we doing to prevent the mistreatment of animals? From a moral standpoint, anti-hunters deem hunting as barbaric. It is a reversion to one of the most primal tasks that humans had to perform. Today, however, anti-hunters believe that the act of hunting is an unnecessary evil that can be tackled much more humanely. This entire argument, however, is based off of everyone persons’ definition of the word â€Å"hunting. † To my family, and myself, the idea of hunting means that food is going to be on the dinner table. It  means that we are going to kill an animal, butcher it ourselves, and eventually eat the meat of our harvest. It is an appreciation of the wild animals; the ones placed on this Earth to roam the hills and graze the grass, rather than the ones grown in barns and factories. It means utilizing every part of that animal to our best ability, and wasting nothing. We even go as far as to donate the brain and heart of the deer to the local high school for use of dissection in science laboratories. We appreciate the animal in every way we can. It has given us everything (literally) that it has, and we will respect  this animal for a time far longer after it’s depart from Earth. My family doesn’t tree stand hunt. This is the act of climbing high into a tree with a â€Å"tree stand† and sitting up there as we wait for an animal to pass below us. This is an extremely unfair advantage in hunting, for it gives the hunter almost complete stealth. Deer are not biologically programmed to look for danger in the trees; there are no known threats to deer around buffalo that live in the trees. We think that it provides an unfair advantage to the hunters that use then. We believe that if we’re going  to take an animal’s life, we’re going to give it the ability to see us before we do, so that it has a fairer chance to run. I even prefer bow hunting to gun hunting. It’s more of a challenge, not that hunting should be a game, but rather it makes it easier for the animal to spot us and escape. If the animal gets close enough to allow me to take the shot, I justify it as a case of â€Å"survival of the fittest. † We do not antler hunt; the act of going out hunting with the intent of killing the deer with the largest antlers, only for the antlers. We eat the meat, not the antlers. I cannot speak for other hunters, but my family and myself do not find a purpose in hunting based on the points on the deer’s head. We have no preference of buck or doe; the meat is all the same to us. We enjoy eating the meat, and that is why we hunt. It is healthier for people, steroid free, and it comes from animals that have been able to live their life in the wild thus far. Hunting, to myself, is everything I just listed. The Merriam-Webster Definition is â€Å"to chase and kill (wild animals) for food or pleasure,† but I remove those last two words. Personally, I find no  enjoyment in the taking of a life. The first animal I ever hunted, a bird, I killed, and cried. I cried and I cried and I cried at what I had done. It was such a powerful feeling knowing that one moment that bird was living, and the next moment it was not, and I was the reason for that. It was such a waste for me to have done what I had; I wasn’t going to eat the bird, I had no use for it. Hunting should be for usefulness: food, clothing, necessity, but it should not be a game that toys with the lives of animals. This doesn’t mean I’m against hunting however. Obviously with everything I have listed prior I would appear to have contradicted myself. I believe that hunting is acceptable in the form of 1 / 3 usefulness. These are all ethical thoughts that anti-hunters propose to hunters. Some post pictures of Bambi the deer, hoping to lure in those who are indecisive or on the fence about the position they take on hunting. Anti-hunters will play on the ethos of those who believe that hunters kill baby animals, setting hunters up to look like immoral people. Often times I hear people ask me how I could kill ababy deer, and take it away from its mother who â€Å"loves it. † With those questions, I find myself frustrated at people’s ignorance. A hunter cannot hunt a fawn; it’s illegal to kill an animal with spots (specifically speaking, baby deer). Additionally, people are unaware of the nature that is animals. A mother deer will fight to the death for her fawns if they are faced with the dangers of a hungry coyote. However, a mother deer will eat all of the leaves off of the only bush in the forest, leaving her fawn to starve, without blinking an eye. Animals think differently; only in rare cases do wild  animals actually have human attachments to each other. Anti-hunters sometimes try to display hunters as horrible people for killing animals, but this only can bring me to the conclusion that all anti-hunters are vegetarians. If it’s truly barbaric for us to go out and hunt what we eat, then the only solution to this animal cruelty is to not eat the animals at all. It is not ethical to justify eating processed meat from animals who never see the light of day, are routinely injected with steroids, living shoulder to shoulder in crowded slaughter houses, with their  only purpose in life being to die for our meals, and say that hunting is immoral. The wild animals at least have a fighting chance; they have an ability to run, to reproduce at their will, to eat the fresh grass and drink fresh stream water. They are not cooped up in a cage or stall, living in deplorable conditions with their only purpose in life to die at our will. Although it is unfortunate that some wild animals face death earlier than others, the alternative of a slaughterhouse cannot be deemed as ethically more just. Questions that are posed towards hunters about how they are being unethical can also be turned  around to ask what anti-hunters are doing to protect these animals they feel are being morally and ethically wronged. Are they vegan? Animals and the products they produce do not come easily. Milk cows and egg chickens spend their whole lives in a barn. Unless they buy their milk and eggs from the local free-range grass fed cows and chickens down the road, they are contributing to the large mistreatment of animals of the food industry of America. Do they own nothing leather? Again, these animals are grown and harvested for the sole purpose of leather production. A lot of leather  products sold in the USA are shipped from China, where horribly graphic YouTube videos can be found showing Chinese leather workers skinning animals alive. One cannot go as far as to say that they â€Å"don’t own Uggs† so they don’t own leather. Leather is found in things like sneakers, cars, and accents on clothing, purses, and shoes. Were their houses recently built on land once inhabited by these creatures? The destruction of animal habitats leads to more animal deaths each year than hunting does. If an anti-hunter were to hit a deer with their car, destroying the front end, I’m estimating that a fair  amount of them would initially be furious with the circumstance, NOT because they killed the deer, but rather because they totaled their car. This deer, roaming throughout what used to be its natural habitat of forest and trees, is now forced to walk across streets and areas of traffic. It is inconvenient, however, when the deer walks across the street at the same time a car is driving by, and a collision occurs. I’ve gotten away from the actual topic at hand. The original question was â€Å"Is hunting ethical? †. I suppose if one feels that taking the life from something is immoral and unethical, than no, hunting is  not ethical to that person. However, I would like those who believe hunting isn’t ethical and anti- hunters alike to consider what I have just proposed to them. I would like them to take five5 minutes of their time to do some self-reflection, and question whether what they do in their everyday life is really ethical for the animals. It only seems fair that if someone is to be calling me out on being barbaric and cruel towards animals, that they themselves are doing everything in their power to ensure that the animals around them are being treated as fairly as possible. It would be a common  2 / 3 case of the pot calling the kettle black if one were to discover otherwise. In summation, the question â€Å"is hunting ethical? † will never be a black or white answer. There are many shades of grey that come with many degrees of opinions. The point that I am trying to get across to those who disagree with hunting however, is to take some time to self reflect before we are so quick to judge others. Take time to think about what each of us is personally doing for the well being and fair treatment of animals, before we quickly judge hunters as immoral people. POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).

death peanalty essays

death peanalty essays Capital punishment is defined as the legal infliction of the death penalty and has been part of the criminal justice system since the earliest of times. Over the years, there have been many standards for the execution of the death penalty. In modern law the death penalty is corporal punishment in its most sever form. Today, the common arguments for the death penalty are that, it is a deterrent. It goes along with the bible. It satisfies the publics need for retribution. Popular author John Grisham even states that the death penalty can relieve the anguish of the family. However, because it does not do these things, the death penalty is racist, barbaric, and in violation with the United States constitution, as cruel and unusual punishment. Although laws governing the death penalty have undergone many changes since the biblical times, the punishment stands, and controversy has never been greater. The first main thing that I am going to argue is that the death penalty serves as a deterrent. This is perhaps, for advocates of the death penalty, their favorite argument. Just the thought that you could receive the death penalty is supposed to be enough to stop someone from murdering another individual. In a report for congress, Suzanne Cacanaugh said that many people have attempted to prove this theory, but there is no evidence to show that capital punishment deters crimes any more than long prison terms do. In another argument advocates of the death penalty also refer to the bible. Genesis 9:6 states, whoever sheds mans blood, by man shall his blood be shed. This classic argument in favor of the penalty has usually been interpreted as a proper and moral reason for killing a murderer. Those who are for the death penalty, also often quote An eye for an eye. Both of these quotes imply that it is the murderers own fault for being on death row and he or she deserves to die. Supp...

Five Ways to Look Up

Five Ways to Look Up Five Ways to Look Up Five Ways to Look Up By Maeve Maddox ESL learners have a tough row to hoe when they set themselves to learn English idioms. Note: â€Å"to have a tough row to hoe† = â€Å"to have a difficult task to carry out.† For example, each of the following sentences contains the verb look and the word up, but each conveys a different thought: 1. It’s a surprise! Keep your head down and don’t look up. In this sentence, up functions as an adverb modifying the verb look. In this context, â€Å"to look up,† means, â€Å"to direct one’s gaze upward.† 2. Before you use an unfamiliar word, be sure to look up the meaning. Here, â€Å"to look up† is a phrasal verb with the meaning â€Å"to search for an item of information, or seek information concerning (a person or thing), in a book or database, on the Internet, etc.† 3. Many youngsters look up to professional athletes. In this context, â€Å"to look up to† is a phrasal verb meaning, â€Å"to have a great deal of respect for, to admire, venerate.† 4. While I’m in Chicago, I intend to look up my old college roommate. This colloquial use of â€Å"to look up† means â€Å"to visit or contact a person, especially for the first time or after loss of contact. 5. My financial planner assures me that the economy is about to look up. This idiom is most commonly used in the progressive tense: â€Å"Things are looking up.† The meaning is â€Å"improving, getting better.† From the verb â€Å"look up† (to seek information) comes the noun lookup, a computer term meaning â€Å"the action or process of looking something up in a database.† Lookup is also used as a qualifier: I often  use the Passage Lookup to compare English translations from the NIV, ESV, NASB, and NKJV.   The  lookup feature  allows you to quickly search your contact manager or PIM (personal information manager) for phone numbers to dial. On my iPad, the  lookup feature  isnt working right for certain entries. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 1Is There a Reason â€Å"the Reason Why† Is Considered Wrong?Shore It Up

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Compare and contrast - Essay Example Alexie, being a Native American, relayed experiences of starting to read as a young boy living with his family in the â€Å"Spokane Indian Reservation in eastern Washington state† (Alexie 11). Tan, on the other hand, an Asian American of Chinese descent, narrated experiences with speaking a distinct kind of â€Å"broken† English, the language used by her mother to communicate. Aside from sharing similarities in terms of not being native speakers of the English language, the authors allegedly affirmed their convictions to become writers, despite the evident challenges that faced them. In addition, both authors openly affirmed that one of their parents had influenced the career path that was chosen. And finally, these authors initially pursued careers in medicine (pediatrician for Sherman and pre-med course for Tan) before confirming their interests in writing as a profession. Concurrently, despite the similarities, there were disparities that emerged in these articles. Sherman’s article focused mainly on his personal experiences which contributed to his career as a writer. On the other hand, Tan narrated her mother’s experiences as influential and contributory to her development of proficiency in the English language and in other aspects of her life. In fact, Tan admitted that â€Å"I think my mothers English almost had an effect on limiting my possibilities in life as well† (Tan 2).Yet, the impetus which led to Tan’s decision to become a writer was her former boss’ admonition that writing was her worst skill. In addition, in Sherman’s article, he professed that he loved books and his intention for reading was to try and save his life. While Tan was silent about the intention or purpose for writing; yet signified that her mother remained the most important critic of her written

Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Egypt - Essay Example The Giza Pyramids are a symbol of Egyptian beauty and charm and tourists remember Egypt with the picture of the great pyramids in mind. Indeed these pyramids are one of the wonders of the world. (Rosalie, 1997) Around 8000 BC, the Sahara Desert was formed due to the desiccation of the pastoral lands within the country. By about 6000 BC, the Neolithic culture started to have its roots within the Nile valley. There have existed a number of different dynasties within Egypt since time immemorial. As far as the geography of Egypt is concerned, it is the world’s 38th largest country and its size is comparable to that of Tanzania. Most of the population within Egypt lives around the Nile valley and Delta since the climate is conducive enough for populations to settle around these areas only. Around 99% of the total population uses only 5.5% of the Egyptian land area. Its borders are shared by Libya on the west, Gaza strip and Israel on the East and Sudan on the south. Egypt’s strategic location makes it a very dominant player within the geopolitical scenario and its transcontinental location asks for significance in terms of forming a bridge between Asia and Africa. The climate of Egypt is usually dry and the country receives showers only in the winter months. The rainfall averages south of Cairo are 2 - 5 mm each year and sometimes frequent after quite a few years in essence. The temperatures within Egypt range between 80o F and 90 o F in summer while goes up to 109 o F in the area of the Red Sea coast. Thus the temperatures usually average within 55 o F and 70 o F in the winter season. There is a steady wind which blows from the northwestern region which makes the weather pleasant near the Mediterranean coast. The global warming regimes hamper Egypt’s densely populated coastal strip and the same could have ramifications for the country’s economy,

Business Proposal Regarding a Business Idea Essay

Business Proposal Regarding a Business Idea - Essay Example Business Name - Maritime Transportation Company will be the name of the business. The name is easy to pronounce and remembered. The business will start at the beginning of October 2012 and will be based at Hamshire town, Englang, United Kingdom. Form of Business - Business will be sole-proprietorship, run and managed by Eric Mayoma who has experience in driving and business skills in entrepreneurship education acquired from Dakota State Technical Teachers Training College as described by Mulcahy, (2011, p. 142). The owner chose this type of business because of its market in the growing population. Another reason is that there is adequate means or chances of employment in the State. The entrepreneur decided to take this business given that he has adequate resources in education and enough money to start the business. In this type of business, there is less competition as compared to other businesses in the market like passenger service vehicles and petroleum oil selling companies. Business Location - It is located at Hamshire Town. The entrepreneur chose the location because of the following reasons, transport network, availability of electricity, security is tight, and near to customers (Adamson, 2005, p. 291) The business will deal with the buying, storing, and transporting all the different types of hardware especially those used for building in the building industry. These goods are stored and sold to the customer. Customers who do not have any means of transport are given a means of transport at a minimal fee. Also, loading and off loading products to the vehicle is free as a form of motivating the customers to come again. Other services in the business will include giving discount to customers, who buy in large quantities. This creates good public relation by rendering services to customers in selling, packing, and transportation to their destination. Customers strategically locate the business building to enhance ease identification. This is because customers are coming to purchase other goods and services from shops, warehouse, and the supermarket along the two roads. The business will consist of two warehouses, a 3-roomed office, one for the manager, secretary, reception room, and a conference hall. Many clients especially on the left wing have not hired the newly established building. Therefore, the entrepreneur sees that as an opportunity to his business as explained by Root & Koenig, (2006, p. 182). The business will mainly be known as sole-proprietorship and owned by one person. The business was chosen for a number of reasons. The reasons include profit

Cartoon Saloon Organisational Structure

Cartoon Saloon Organisational Structure 1.a. History Cartoon Saloon is an animation studio, based in Kilkenny city, Ireland, formed in 1999 by three college friends Paul Young, Tomm Moore and Nora Twomey. They produce shorts, feature films and TV series that are very popular in Ireland and worldwide. Cartoon Saloon became internationally famous after their two Academy Awards, BAFTA and Oscar nominations for their feature films The Secret of Kells and Song of the Sea. Their award winning show Puffin Rock is currently being broadcast around the world: UK (NickJr), Ireland (RTE), Australia, Sweden, Iceland, Norway and Denmark, and has exclusively premiered on Netflix globally including the U.S. and Canada. Cartoon Saloon partner with a lot of international artists and companies to tell new unique stories on the screen. Recently they have joined forces with the Canadian company Mercury Filmworks to create a new full service animation studio that will be based in Kilkenny, Ireland and will create 140 new jobs in the region. Company type  Animation studio Industry  Media Entertainment Products  Animated feature films TV series Commercials Short films Illustration Design Size  around 70 permanent employees AddressThe Maltings, Tilbury Place, James Street, Kilkenny, Ireland. Webwww.cartoonsaloon.ie     Ã‚   Cartoon Saloon is a Private Sector Organisation. It has three officially registered companies under its name: The Cartoon Saloon LTD (set up in 2000, 4 shareholders), Cartoon Saloon Production LTD (set up in 2013) and Cartoon Saloon Brand Development LTD (set up in 2015). All are Private Limited Companies By Shares. 1.b. Description of 4 departments in Cartoon Saloon Companys department structure can be divided into two main sectors: PRODUCTION and MANAGEMENT. Management sector include all departments that support the work of the Production Department. Production Department Production department in the animation studio has the prevalent numbers of employees and is in charge of the whole process of creating visual products (films, series, commercials, illustrations etc.) and include: Pre-production, Production and Post-production processes. Pre-production is a stage when the team comes up with a concept and genre, develops a story, creates a storyboard and sketches layouts, chooses camera angles and prepares all pieces to start the Production process. Production itself include such activities as drawing, creating illustrations, texturing, colouring, shading, lighting, voice and music recording, sound effects etc. based on the guidelines established in the Pre-production stage. And the final Post-production step of film creation is when everything is being brought together: music and voice combined with the graphics, scenes being cut and the whole film being edited. Main functions of Production Department: Creating an idea for a future product Writing a script Drawing a storyboard Developing Layouts Voice and music recording Drawing/illustrating/colouring/shading/lighting Direction and coordination of all processes mentioned above Administration Department Administration department links all sectors in the organization together, maintain the smooth flow of information from one part to another and supports activity and processes happening in the office so the work to be fast, efficient and professional. Main functions of Administration Department: Reception duties Purchasing office supplies and machines, maintaining it in working order Storage control Dealing with incoming and outgoing correspondence Meetings organisation Record keeping, filing, processing data Business trips organisation Marketing department Marketing department in the company carries out essential market analysis and promotional support for the product. To get and stay on the top in such a variable sphere where its hard sometimes to predict people preferences and market flows, to come up with new and unique ideas that will meet and elicit the right public response, marketing team should be extremely sensitive to media trends and constantly study social media channels. Main functions of Marketing Department: Market research Media and PR Product licensing Promotion and Sales coordination Search for investors IT Department IT department is responsible for the technical support of the office. These are a lot of special software, cameras and workstation computers being used in the Production department of the animation studio that need specific knowledge from the IT team. Main functions of IT Department: Technical support and problem solutions Software research and development Network security Data storage management 1.c. Organisational chart and typical duties for 2 selected jobs Cartoons Saloons company structure consists of 5 main levels: Shareholders, Board of Directors, Managing Director, Departments and their Employees. *See the next page for Organisational Chart Picture. Among the large number of team members, there are following workers: CARTOONIST (PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT) a visual artist who specialises in drawing animation (cartoons). Knows how to operate special computer software, can work in many formats and basic duties include creation of: Animation Short films Booklets Graphic design Illustrations Posters Advertisements Motion pictures or computer animated films PR MEDIA MANAGER (MARKETING AND PR DEPARTMENT) is responsible for external communication activity of the company and duties include: Press communication activity Social media activity Building and maintaining the good image of the company Planning publicity campaigns Writing presentations and press releases Organising press conferences, exhibitions, open days and visits Speaking publicly at interviews, presentations and press conferences Media coverage analysis Relevant market research 2. Administration functions of an office and 3 pieces of equipment used to carry out these functions. Office of the studio is a big living organism that needs all processes inside to be synchronised, linked and maintained. To organise this and progress as a business administrative work is very important. Administration functions of an office include: Financial planning Record keeping, filing and billing Collection and storage of the data Personnel supervision Physical distribution and logistics Holidays calendar planning Storage control Purchase Supervision of support staff Office equipment maintenance Meeting the clients Phone calls and direct mail handling Dealing with complaints and solving problems Equipment that helps to do these duties: Computers modern computers allow employees to do much more tasks than before: to insert, edit and store the data, to plan and organise work using dairies and other helpful software, to faster communicate via e-mail, corporate chats etc., produce complicated documents, charts, presentations and so on. Smart phones gadgets that combine phone and computer functions, so worker can do most of the office tasks being away: check the calendar or e-mail, take photos at the factory and send them to the head office straight away, to take notes and see stock changes, simple videoconferencing etc. Copiers new machines allow you to copy, enlarge and scan the documents, along with the functions of a fax, network printer, can produce black or color copies. 3. Key aims and objectives of 3 pieces of workplace legislation. EQUALITY ACT 2004 This act regulates relationship between people in terms of prevention of discrimination by race, age, religion, gender and sexual orientation, marital and family status, disability or being a member of Traveller community at the work place. Replaced the version of year 1998. For example, this act forbids publishing job offers that specify particular gender and age. As well as person cant be refused on the job position only by reason being a member of the Traveller community or a certain church. PROTECTION OF EMPLOYMENT ACT 2012 (TEMPORARY AGENCY WORK) This act regulates equal treatment of temporary agency workers and directly hired personnel in organisations by working times and rest periods, night work, public holidays, annual leaves and wages. Though the right for equal salary came in action in the end of the 2011. For example, being hired by Cartoon Salloon temporary from the agency for a specific project going cant oblige you to work weekends or public holidays, or restrict you from having annual leave. NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE ACT 2000 Regulates National Minimum Wage level. Since January 2017 the National Minimum Wage is  ¬9.25 per hour for an experienced adult worker. The rate is lower if employee is under 18 or in the first two years of work straight after turning 18 years, also minimum level is lower for workers in a course of study or training. All employees, including part time, full time and temporary are covered by this act with the exception of close relatives of the employer and certain apprentices. Not following these legal acts is a criminal offence. Cartoon Saloon Company employs staff from all over the world and constantly hires people for different projects on the temporary basis. So knowing and following these acts is especially essential for the company. REFERENCES Cartoon Saloon Official Web Site http://www.cartoonsaloon.ie/ Company Summary http://www.solocheck.ie/Irish-Company/The-Cartoon-Saloon-Limited-318348 Article http://www.merrionstreet.ie/en/allaboutjobs/Features-Articles/How_they_did_it_Cartoon_Saloon.html Interview with CEO http://www.irishtimes.com/business/media-and-marketing/drawing-new-inspiration-at-cartoon-saloon-1.2347507 Interview with managing director http://www.merrionstreet.ie/en/allaboutjobs/Features-Articles/How_they_did_it_Cartoon_Saloon.html Interview with CS 2005 http://totallydublin.ie/arts-culture/festival-features/offset-2015-interview-cartoon-saloon/ Business article http://www.irishexaminer.com/business/profits-rise-at-oscar-nominated-cartoon-saloon-434495.html Minimum Wage Rates in Ireland-the Minimalist Guide to the National Minimum Wage Act, 2000 http://employmentrightsireland.com/tag/national-minimum-wage-act-2000/

Internet Censorship Essay - The ACLU and the Child Online Protection Act :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

The ACLU and the Child Online Protection Act The Child Online Protection Act (COPA) was approved by Congress on August 16, 1998. It is the purpose of this essay to demonstrate how the ACLU destroyed this family-oriented act. Immediately after COPA was signed by the President, the American Civil Liberties Union and a coalition of groups representing publishers, Internet Service Providers, journalists, and the technology industry challenged the law in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Federal District Court Judge Lowell A. Reed, Jr. issued a temporary restraining order blocking the government from enforcing COPA. On January 11, 1999 both sides filed briefs to argue the constitutionality of the law.(ACLU) Congress's intention in enacting COPA was to protect minor children from access to free erotic "teaser" pictures available at commercial pornography sites on the World Wide Web. In order to accomplish this governmental interest, the law specifically requires commercial pornography sellers to take a credit card or adult PIN or access number in order to insure that visiting children or teenagers will not be able to see graphic sex pictures on the front pages of commercial pornography WWW. sites. COPA provides punishment of up to six months in jail and a $50,000 fine for each violation. Plaintiffs alleged in their brief that COPA violates the First Amendment because: (1) It creates an effective ban on constitutionally protected speech by and to adults, and is not the least restrictive means of accomplishing any governmental purpose, and therefore is substantially overbroad; (2) It interferes with the rights of minors to access and view material that is not harmful to them by prohibiting the dissemination of any material with sexual content that is "harmful to minors" of any age, despite the fact that the material will not be "harmful" to all minors; (3) It inhibits an individual's right to communicate and access information anonymously; and (4) It is unconstitutionally vague. The government argued that COPA is carefully limited in scope to deal only with the problem of "teaser" images that exist on the World Wide Web (meaning the law excludes other Internet, Usenet, e-mail, BBS, chat and online services) and further the government maintained that the law is directed solely at commercial sellers of pornography which is deemed to be "obscene to minors" or "harmful to minors"(meaning all non-commercial, non-profit, educational, governmental and private communications are excluded).

Meaning of Life and Literary Metaphorical Descriptions Essay

Stuck and chained without any tendency of where your life is headed, requires necessary effort to go through. This is the situation for the main character in Wiliam Lychacks short story, Stolpestad. Without any whereabouts of his life directions, Stolpestad come across his own life through unpleasant confrontations of his own identity loss. â€Å"This is your life, Stolpestad† Stolpestad finds that his life gone tedious, waiting towards the end of each shift, lying and giving an excuse to postpone his arrival back home to his wife and his children. Driving through the city, Stolpestad yearns after his life in the town as child. â€Å"You idle slow and lawful past the house as if to glimpse someone or something – yourself as a boy, perhaps. † Though Stolpestad is aware of the requisite in his absence back home, he decides to go to a bar. At the bar he is telling stories, spreading laughter, about his earlier predicament with shooting the suffering dog. Stolpestad seems full of confidence re-telling the story, but in the certain situation he was nervous and sensitive: â€Å"with this hope that she’s already dead- that shrill of insects in the heat and grass as you nudge her again. You push until she comes to life, her eye opening slow and black to you – you with this hope that the boy will be running any moment to you now, hollering for you to stop. † He wish the dog to already be dead, or that the boy will come hollering him to stop. This nervousness of his comes truly to life when the boy and his father are confronting him, and the surrounding noices frightens him: â€Å"It’s only a door opening – but look how jumpy you are†. Stolpestad finds this confrontation to be a very uncomfortable situations, and feel that it is a repeating element in his life, which is depicted in this paragraph: â€Å"the deja vu of a pickup truck in the driveway as you pull around the house, as if you’ve seen or imagined or been through all of this be- fore, or will be through it all again, over and over†. We can interpret this, from the fact that Stolpestad keeps running into these unpleasant situations. Putting down a suffering dog turns into an unintentional disservice to the dying dog, the boy and his father and himself. The unsuccessful execution and the survival of the suffering dog, Goliath, can be seen as a metaphor for Stolpestads life. The life of the dog Goliath and Stolpestads life are heading in the same direction, Goliaths suffering is a reflection of the suffering in Stolpestads own life. Gully is gravely injured and it is just a matter of time until its’ life will peg out, but even after what was supposed to be an easy put down, the dog remains alive. Stolpestad is neither injured or near death. Stolpestad is caught between the choices whether he shall pursue his meaning of life or leave this world behind. He is stuck as a spectator of his own life, as the dying dog Goliath is a spectator of its’ own death. The injury of the dog can also be interpreted as a simile for the environment and the town Stolpestad lives in. The Christian narrative of â€Å"David and Goliath† deals for Goliaths sake with the themes negativity and failure. The nickname â€Å"Gully† is a synonym for a sewer. That means, that the dogs name in both significances refers to something including degradation and poor environs. Goliath lies on all the trash on the families within the families’ premises and symbolizes the poor social environment that the family hails from. The family is tamped by this inadequacy in the society, which the dog and its name symbolize. The sentence: â€Å"The old tires, empty bottles, paint cans, rusty car axle, refrigerator door† exemplifies what poor environment the family is a part of. The environment of the father may also explain the cause of his ironical compliments of Stolpestads house: â€Å"He lets out a long sigh and says it’s a fine place you seem to have here†. Still this higher league of society does not fit Stolpestad, and it does not seem like he has been in this contrast to the lower league of society his whole life, which also may cause the sympathy he has for the boy. The boy can be interpreted as an illusion of Stolpestad as a child. In the early beginning of the short story, Stolpestad is driving around soulless, looking for something – possibly himself as a child, and after the meeting with the boy, he quickly conceives comprehension of his life situation. This may be caused of Stolpestads own youth, that may have been difficult, but he still may miss: â€Å"Back to all the turns you were born, your whole life spent along the same sad streets† The kind of narrator being used in the story is a â€Å"second person narrator† who writes to a certain â€Å"you†. Our â€Å"you†, who our narrator directs itself to is the main character of the story, Stolpestad. Though it is Stolpestad the narrator direct itself to, the reader feels like being spoken to, when this narrative perspective is being used: †Was toward the end of your shift†. This way a text involves and affects its reader in a whole other level. It is hard to judge whether the narrator is an actual figure or totally absent throughout the story. The narrator does not specifically appear throughout the story, but certain things point to the narrators’ appearance: †away we go†. Still it is doubtful and unknown, who the narrator may be, as the short story does not give an unequivocal explanation of who the narrator might be. The language is both embossed of slang and then the more literary metaphorical descriptions. This shows, how the narrator has authority of changing the style when it fits him. Therefore it is a mixture of the lower style and a formal literary style. Stolpestad is living a life that just passes by, without him taking any action, and therefore he feels like his whole life just consists of continuous repetitions. He is living in the same surroundings as he did in his youth and during his childhood so therefore his external rams haven’t changed, though he has become older. Therefore everything feels recognizable and boring for him. With the description from a second person narrator, who sees Stolpestad from an external perspective, we can connect this to the interpretation of him as a passive individual. He is not even in possession of the authority to tell his own story, but is having it told by another narrator interfering and judging him negatively. Here as well he stands without influence, but may passively let the narrator relate his story, while he himself will have to be a spectator to his own life. So do not just let life pass you by.

Series Circuit

Chapter 4 Chapter 4 Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Series circuits Summary All circuits have three common attributes. These are: 1. A source of voltage. 2. A load. 3. A complete path. VS + R3 R1 R2 Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Series circuits Summary A series circuit is one that has only one current path. R1 R1 R2 R3 VS R3 R2 VS R1 R2 R3 VS Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Summary Series circuit rule for current:Because there is only one path, the current everywhere is the same. For example, the reading on the first ammeter is 2. 0 mA, What do the other meters read? + 2. 0 mA _ VS _ R1 + 2. 0 mA _ R2 2. 0 mA + _ 2. 0 mA +  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd Chapter 4 Series circuits Summary The total resistance of resistors in series is the sum of the individual resi stors. For example, the resistors in a series circuit are 680 ? , 1. 5 k? , and 2. 2 k?. What is the total resistance? R1 VS 12 V 680 ? R2 1. 5 k? 4. 38 k? R3 2. 2 k?Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Series circuit Summary VS 12 V R1 680 ? R2 1. 5 k? R3 2. 2 k? Tabulating current, resistance, voltage and power is a useful way to summarize parameters in a series circuit. Continuing with the previous example, complete the parameters listed in the Table. I1= 2. 74 mA I2= 2. 74 mA I3= 2. 74 mA IT= 2. 74 mA R1= 0. 68 k? R2= 1. 50 k? R3= 2. 20 k? RT= 4. 38 k? V1= 1. 86 V V2= 4. 11 V V3= 6. 03 V VS= 12 V P1= 5. 1 mW P2= 11. 3 mW P3= 16. 5 mW PT= 32. 9 mW  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-HallElectric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd Chapter 4 Summary Kirchhoff’s voltage law Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL) is generally stated as: The sum of all the voltage drops around a single closed path in a circuit is equal to the total source voltage in that closed path. KVL applies to all circuits, but you must apply it to only one closed path. In a series circuit, this is (of course) the entire circuit. Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Summary VS 12 V R1 680 ? R2 1. 5 k? Kirchhoff’s voltage law R3 2. 2 k?Notice in the series example given earlier that the sum of the resistor voltages is equal to the source voltage. I1= 2. 74 mA I2= 2. 74 mA I3= 2. 74 mA IT= 2. 74 mA R1= 0. 68 k? R2= 1. 50 k? R3= 2. 20 k? RT= 4. 38 k? V1= 1. 86 V P1= 5. 1 mW V2= 4. 11 V P2= 11. 3 mW V3= 6. 03 V P3= 16. 5 mW VS= 12 V PT= 32. 9 mW  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd Chapter 4 Summary Voltage divider rule The voltage drop across any given resistor in a series circuit is equal to the ratio of that resistor to the total resistance, multiplied by source voltage.VS Assume R1 is twice the size of R2. What is the voltage across R1? 8 V 12 V R1 R2 Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Voltage divider Summary R1 15 k? VS + 20 V R2 10 k? What is the voltage across R2? The total resistance is 25 k?. Applying the voltage divider formula: ? R2 V2 = ? ? RT ? ? 10 k? ? ? VS = ? ? 20 V = 8. 0 V ? 25 k? ? ? Notice that 40% of the source voltage is across R2, which represents 40% of the total resistance. Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4Voltage divider Summary Voltage dividers can be set up for a variable output using a potentiometer. In the circuit shown, the output voltage is variable. VS + 15 V R1 20 k? R2 10 k? What is the largest output voltage available? 5. 0 V VOUT Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Summary R1 470 ? VS + 20 V R2 330 ? Power in Series Circuits Use the voltage divider rule to find V1 and V2. Then find the power in R1 and R2 and PT. Applyin g the voltage divider rule: ? 470 ? ? V1 = ? ? 20 V = 11. 75 V ? 800 ? ? ? 330 ? V2 = ? ? 20 V = 8. 25 V ? 800 ? ? The power dissipated by each resistor is: P= 1 (11. 75 V ) 2 470 ? 2 ( 8. 25 V ) = 0. 21 W P2 = 330 ? = 0. 29 W } PT = 0. 5 W Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Summary A VS + 12 V R1 5. 0 k? B R2 10 k? C Voltage measurements Voltage is relative and is measured with respect to another point in the circuit. Voltages that are given with respect to ground are shown with a single subscript. For example, VA means the voltage at point A with respect to ground (called reference ground).VB means the voltage at point B with respect to ground. VAB means the voltage between points A and B. What are VA, VB, and VAB for the circuit shown? VA = 12 V VB = 8 V VAB = 4 V Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Summary A R1 5. 0 k? B R2 10 k? C Voltage measurements Ground reference is not always at the lowest point in a circuit. Assume the ground is moved to B as shown. VS + 12 V What are VA, VB, and VC for the circuit? VA = 4 V VB = 0 V VC = ? 8 V Has VAB changed from the previous circuit?No, it is still 4 V Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Selected Key Terms Series In an electric circuit, a relationship of components in which the components are connected such that they provide a single path between two points. Kirchhoff’s A law stating that (1) the sum of the voltage voltage law drops around a closed loop equals the source voltage in that loop or (2) the algebraic sum of all of the voltages (drops and source) is zero. Voltage divider A circuit consisting of series resistors across which one or more output voltages are taken.Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall Chapter 4 Reference ground Selected Key Terms The metal chassis that houses the assembly or a la rge conductive area on a printed circuit board is used as a common or reference point; also called common. A circuit condition in which the current path is broken. A circuit condition in which there is zero or an abnormally low resistance between two points; usually an inadvertent condition. Open Short Electric Circuits Fundamentals – Floyd  © Copyright 2007 Prentice-Hall